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The City of Northcote was a local government area about northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covered an area of , and existed from 1883 until 1994. ==History== Prior to the 1880s land boom, Northcote had been part of the Jika Jika Shire, which also included the City of Preston. Northcote was severed and incorporated as a borough on 25 May 1883. It became a town on 12 September 1890, and was proclaimed a city on 8 April 1914. On 1 October 1962, it annexed the South Ward of the City of Heidelberg.〔 Accessed at State Library of Victoria, La Trobe Reading Room.〕 Council elections in Northcote were generally contested, at least from the 1940s onwards, by candidates supported on the one hand by local business people, standing as Independents, and candidates endorsed by the Australian Labor Party (ALP) on the other. The ALP came to dominate Northcote Council politics after the early 1950s, and the majority of candidates were returned without opposition until the late 1970s. The ALP was slow to endorse migrant candidates,〔Demetri Dollis (1993), 'Australian Greeks and Parliamentary Politics', in Speros Vryonis, Jr. et.al (eds.), ''Greeks in English Speaking Countries'', Hellenic Studies Forum, Melbourne, p.180 ISBN 0-646-14412-X〕 but it gradually did so as the population of the City of Northcote changed, with non-English speaking background immigrants an increasingly important factor in the council electorate.〔Lyle Allan (1984), 'Ethnic Transition in Inner-Melbourne Politics,' in James Jupp (ed.) ''Ethnic Politics in Australia'', George Allen and Unwin, North Sydney, p.140 ISBN 0-86861-334-7〕 Changes in the composition of Northcote Council saw more non-Anglo ethnic Councillors from the late 1970s, and certainly a swing to the political left. In 1980, strongly left-wing Councillors achieved national media coverage, as outspoken Victorian RSL President Bruce Ruxton condemned a number of Council policies that were anathema to those traditionally held by the RSL. These included the flying of the Eureka flag, rather than the Australian flag, from the Northcote Town Hall, and support for an Australian republic.〔Andrew Lemon (1983), ''The Northcote Side of the River'', Hargreen Publishing Company, North Melbourne, Page 269. ISBN 0-949905-12-7〕 Ruxton claimed 'ethnics and anti-British elements' were responsible for a lack of patriotism.〔P. Connelly (1981), 'Hoisting the Flag,' in ''Nation Review'', February, Page 22〕 Ruxton was also incensed at the refusal of Scottish-born Councillor Brian Sanaghan, to renew his oath of allegiance to the Queen, after being re-elected to the Northcote Council in 1980.〔Lemon, p.269〕 Pressure from Ruxton resulted in Sanaghan's place on the council being declared vacant.〔P. Innes (1981), 'Councillor rejects oath,' The Age (Melbourne), 11 June, p.5〕 Some friction occurred between members of non-Anglo ethnic groups and Northcote Councillors over the conduct of the City Librarian and library administrators in the 1950s and 1960s. The Council banned use of its "adult" library (as opposed to a separate children's library) to residents under the age of fourteen.〔Lyle Allan (2013), "Library Age Restrictions: further comment," in ''Recorder'' (Australian Society for the Study of Labour History, Melbourne Branch), No. 278, December, pp.5–6〕 This practice was rigidly enforced by Council library staff. A Northcote Library Apology Committee was formed in 1985. It unsuccessfully sought an apology for what it argued was a practice that prevented Northcote children from reading, among other things, many of the great works of classical literature.〔Ainsley Symons (2013), "The unfortunate case of the Northcote Library Apology Committee," in ''Recorder'' (Australian Society for the Study of Labour History, Melbourne Branch), No. 277, June, pp.7–8〕 The dispute occurred at a time the ALP in Northcote was no longer able to control the City with minimal opposition. A threat to the ALP's dominant position on the Northcote Council appeared in May 1988, with the defection of up to 60 members from the party's Greek Westgarth branch, including Cr John Gogas, defecting to the Australian Democrats. George Gogas, the tram-conductor father of John Gogas and a former Northcote Councillor, contested the 1990 Federal Election as a Democrat candidate for the Division of Batman, against Deputy Prime Minister Brian Howe, the sitting member. Gogas polled only 12.9 per cent of the vote.〔Ainsley Symons (2012), "The Democrats and Local Government. Were they ever a threat to the ALP?" in ''Recorder (Australian Society for the Study of Labour History, Melbourne Branch)'' No. 274, Page 7.〕 The City of Northcote elected Victoria's first Italo-Australian Mayor, Tony Matisi, in 1969 and Australia's first Italo-Australian woman Mayor, Lidia Argondizzo, in 1989.〔Elisabetta D'Amore (1994), 'Italian Political Activism in Australia Post 1950s,' in Antonina Bivona (ed.) ''Proceedings of Italian Towards 2000 International Conference'', 22–24 September, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne, pp.107–112〕 Argondizzo later became a member of the Victorian parliament. Italians did not, however, achieve representation on Northcote Council in large numbers. Greeks certainly did so after the election of the first Greek-Australian to the council, in the late 1970s.〔Theo Charles Theophanous (1988), 'The Changing Nature of Greek Involvement in Australian Politics', in A. Kapardis and A. Tamis (eds.), ''Afstraliotes Hellenes: Greeks in Australia'', River Seine Press, Melbourne, p.239 ISBN 0-909367-31-0〕 Northcote produced twelve Greek councillors, the first being Peter Tsitas in 1977.〔Lyle Allan (2004), 'Changing the political landscape. A history of Darebin Greeks and their political involvement,' ''Neos Kosmos English Edition'' Darebin Special, 20 December, p.8〕 Socrates Papadopoulos〔Geoffrey Sherington (1980), ''Australia's Immigrants'', George Allen and Unwin, Sydney, pp.158–160 ISBN 0-04-442204-0〕 followed, and he became Victoria's first Greek-Australian Mayor in 1983. Emily Dimitracopoulos, as well as being a Councillor, also served as Vice-President of the Victorian ALP. Other Greek-Australians who were elected as ALP endorsed candidates were Teena Cross, Con Sakis, George Gogas, John Gogas, Maria Vamvakinou,〔Dominique Francois De Stoop (1996), ''The Greeks of Melbourne'', Transnational Publishing Company, Melbourne, p.81-82 ISBN 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「City of Northcote」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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